Referencias Científicas

Bibliografía completa de fuentes basadas en evidencia para las métricas cardiovasculares de Cardio Analytics

Guías Clínicas

  1. Mayo Clinic. What's a normal resting heart rate? https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq-20057979
  2. American Heart Association. Understanding Blood Pressure Readings. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings
  3. Cleveland Clinic. Heart Rate Variability (HRV): What It Is and How You Can Improve It. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21773-heart-rate-variability-hrv
  4. Mayo Clinic. Low blood oxygen (hypoxemia). https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/hypoxemia/basics/definition/sym-20050930

Investigación Revisada por Pares

  1. Perez MV, Mahaffey KW, Hedlin H, et al. Large-Scale Assessment of a Smartwatch to Identify Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(20):1909-1917. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1901183
  2. Barrera N, Mahaffey KW, Hedlin H, et al. Accuracy of Smartwatches in the Detection of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JACC Advances. 2025;4(1):102133. https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.102133
  3. Lambe R, Wilkinson M, Barker J, et al. Investigating the accuracy of Apple Watch VO₂ max measurements. PLOS ONE. 2025;20(1):e0323741. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0323741
  4. Studenski S, Perera S, Patel K, et al. Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults. JAMA. 2011;305(1):50-58. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/644554 (Acceso abierto: PMC)

Documentación y Documentos Técnicos de Apple

  1. Apple. Measuring Walking Quality Through iPhone Mobility Metrics. Whitepaper. 2022. https://www.apple.com/healthcare/docs/site/Measuring_Walking_Quality_Through_iPhone_Mobility_Metrics.pdf

Documentación para Desarrolladores de Apple - Tipos de Datos y Consultas de HealthKit

  1. Apple Developer. Resting Heart Rate (restingHeartRate). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/restingheartrate
  2. Apple Developer. Oxygen Saturation (oxygenSaturation). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/oxygensaturation
  3. Apple Developer. Blood Pressure Systolic (bloodPressureSystolic). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/bloodpressuresystolic
  4. Apple Developer. ECG Classification (HKElectrocardiogram.Classification). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkelectrocardiogram/classification-swift.enum
  5. Apple Developer. Atrial Fibrillation Burden (atrialFibrillationBurden). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/atrialfibrillationburden
  6. Apple Developer. VO₂ Max (vo2Max). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/vo2max
  7. Apple Developer. Walking Speed (walkingSpeed). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/walkingspeed
  8. Apple Developer. Walking Asymmetry Percentage (walkingAsymmetryPercentage). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/walkingasymmetrypercentage
  9. Apple Developer. Stair Ascent Speed (stairAscentSpeed). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkquantitytypeidentifier/stairascentspeed
  10. Apple Developer. HKAnchoredObjectQuery. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit/hkanchoredobjectquery
  11. Apple Developer. enableBackgroundDelivery(for:frequency:withCompletion:). https://developer.apple.com/documentation/HealthKit/HKHealthStore/enableBackgroundDelivery(for:frequency:withCompletion:)
  12. Apple Developer. Background Delivery Entitlement. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/bundleresources/entitlements/com.apple.developer.healthkit.background-delivery

Aviso Legal

Cardio Analytics no proporciona diagnóstico ni tratamiento médico. Todas las métricas son solo con fines informativos. Siempre consulta con un médico cualificado para asesoramiento médico, diagnóstico o decisiones de tratamiento.

Las referencias se proporcionan con fines educativos para explicar la base científica de las métricas cardiovasculares. La inclusión de una referencia no implica respaldo por parte de los autores o instituciones citadas.

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